@book {3151477, title = {ГІСТОРЫЯ РОЗНІЧНАГА ГАНДЛЮ Ў БЕЛАРУСІ. ТОМ ПЕРШЫ (HISTORY OF RETAIL TRADE IN BELARUS. VOLUME ONE)}, year = {2023}, pages = {416}, publisher = {Vesna}, organization = {Vesna}, address = {Prague}, abstract = {

Юры Бохан, Сяргей Сергачоў, Іна Соркіна, Вячаслаў Швед, Захар Шыбека

Пад навуковай рэдакцыяй прафэсара\ Захара Шыбекі
Каардынатар навуковага праекту\ Рацібор Бягун

Аўтары раздзелаў манаграфіі даследуюць рознічны гандаль у Беларусі паводле адзінай структурнай мадэлі. Яна складаецца з пяці асноўных кірункаў.

1) Аналіз гістарыяграфіі і крыніц.

2) Агляд спажывецкага рынку, на якім фармаваўся і развіваўся гандаль.

3) Умовы, якія традыцыйна існавалі або былі створаны намаганнямі ўладаў для ажыццяўлення рознічнага гандлю. 4) Сам рознічны гандаль з асобым акцэнтам на дзейнасць і майстэрства гандляроў.

5) І нарэшце, на сцэну выводзіцца таксама важны актар рознічнага гандлю {\textemdash} спажывец з яго ўзаемаадносінамі з гандлярамі і роляй на спажывецкім рынку.

Першы том ахапляе пэрыяд ад сярэдзіны ХІІІ стагодзьдзя да 1861 году.

The authors of the chapters of the monograph study retail trade
in Belarus according to a common structural model.\ It consists of five main directions:
1) Analysis of historiography and sources.
2) Overview of the consumer market, on which trade
was formed and developed.
3) Conditions that traditionally existed or were created
by the efforts of the authorities to implement retail trade.
4) The retail trade itself with a special emphasis on the activity
and skills of traders.
5) And finally, an important actor of retail trade is also brought
to the stage - the consumer with his relationship with traders
and his role in the consumer market.

}, author = {Захар Шыбека} } @book {3146255, title = {הגימנזיסטים: חינוך, אקטיביזם ומקורות האינטליגנציה היהודית באימפריה הרוסית}, year = {2023}, pages = {267}, publisher = {מאגנס}, organization = {מאגנס}, address = {ירושלים}, abstract = {

בתי הספר התיכוניים באימפריה הרוסית היו במבט ראשון מוסדות משעממים להחריד:\ מסדרונות ארוכים ואפלוליים, משמעת נוקשה; שינון אינסופי של משוואות ומשפטים ביוונית ובלטינית. אבל מתחת לפני השטח, מאחורי גבם של המחנכים חמורי הסבר, שקקו חיי חברה פעילים:\ חבורות וחברויות, חוגי קריאה וקופות לעזרה הדדית, עיתונים בכתב יד שהביעו רעיונות ביקורתיים ולעגו למורים, ולפעמים אפילו חוגים מהפכניים נלהבים. שלא ברצונם של אנשי הממסד החינוכי האימפריאלי נעשו בתי הספר התיכוניים לסביבה שאפשר לגלות בה עולמות חדשים ולהשתנות מן הקצה אל הקצה.

במחצית השנייה של המאה התשע-עשרה באו בשערי בתי הספר גם תלמידים יהודים רבים.\ הגימנזיסטים\ מספר את סיפורם של תלמידים אלה: מקבלת ההחלטה ללמוד בבית ספר תיכון, דרך אתגרי הקבלה ללימודים וההתמדה בלמידה וכלה בהשפעותיו המעצבות של בית הספר, שרבים מבוגריו היו לאקטיביסטים יהודים, אנשי האינטליגנציה היהודית-רוסית. כך עוסק\ הגימנזיסטים\ בנושא שחשיבותו חורגת מדל"ת האמות של בתי הספר:\ הוא מראה כיצד ההשתלבות במערכות האימפריה, שהרחיקה לכאורה את הצעירים מהחברה היהודית, סללה בפועל נתיבות חדשים לאקטיביזם יהודי.

}, author = {אלכס ולדמן} } @book {3121987, title = {The Russian Army and the Jewish Population, 1914\–1917: Libel, Persecution, Reaction (Palgrave Critical Studies of Antisemitism and Racism)}, year = {2022}, pages = {451}, publisher = {Palgrave Macmillan}, organization = {Palgrave Macmillan}, abstract = {

This book represents a new reading of a key moment in the history of East European Jewry, namely the period preceding the collapse of the Russian Empire. Offering a novel analysis of relations between the Russian army and Jews during the First World War, it points to the army and military authorities as the {\textquoteright}gravediggers{\textquoteright} of the Jews{\textquoteright} fragile co-existence with the tsarist regime. It focuses on various aspects of the Russian army{\textquoteright}s brutal treatment of Jews living in or near the Eastern Front, where three quarters of European Jewry were living when the war began. At the same time, it shows the enormous harm this anti-Jewish campaign wreaked on the Russian empire{\textquoteright}s economy, finances, public security, and international status.

Semion Goldin\ is Senior Research Fellow at the Leonid Nevzlin Research Center for Russian and East European Jewry, Israel.

}, author = {Semion Goldin} } @book {3105812, title = {שי\"ר חדש. שלמה יהודה רפפורט: רבנות, השכלה, לאומיות}, year = {2022}, publisher = {מרכז זלמן שזר}, organization = {מרכז זלמן שזר}, address = {ירושלים}, abstract = {

Solomon Judah Rapoport (Shir): Haskalah, Rabbinate,\ Nationalism. By Nathan Shifriss.\ 

שי"ר, שלמה יהודה רפפורט (גליציה, 1790 {\textendash} בוהמיה, 1867), היה תלמיד חכם ואיש אשכולות פורץ דרך. מי שנודע מצעירותו כאחד מראשיה של תנועת ההשכלה היהודית ומאבות "חוכמת ישראל" כיהן בשלושים השנים האחרונות לחייו ברבנות, בעיקר בקהילת פראג החשובה. הוא היה מחבר פורה בשלל סוגות, משורר ומתרגם, חוקר היסטוריה ולשון, הוגה ומסאי, חלוץ הביקורת הספרותית העברית, ממעצבי השיח הכלל-יהודי החדש ופולמוסן נמרץ נגד קצוות החברה היהודית של זמנו {\textendash} החסידים מזה ופורקי המסורת מזה.

נאמנותו של שי"ר למסורת הדתית ולכהונה הרבנית מכאן, ומחויבותו להשכלה ולמדעי היהדות מכאן, השתלבו בטבעיות במשנתו, והוא אף גיבש מהן תודעה לאומית יהודית חדשה, שיש בכוחה להתמודד עם אתגרי המודרנה ועם מגמות הקיטוב בעם. הביוגרפיה האינטלקטואלית\ שי"ר חדש: שלמה יהודה רפפורט {\textendash} רבנות, השכלה, לאומיות\ מבקשת להאיר מחדש את דמותו ופועלו ובפרט לעמוד על תרומתו הסגולית לכינונה של הלאומיות היהודית המודרנית. לנוכח התפקיד הבולט שמילא בהתפתחותן של מגמות מרכזיות בחיי הרוח של יהדות אירופה במאה ה-19, ההתחקות אחר תחנות חייו היא גם מסע מאלף בנתיבות ההיסטוריה התרבותית היהודית המודרנית.

}, author = {נתן שיפריס} } @book {3105811, title = {דרך ללא מוצא: ד\"ר ישראל מילייקובסקי 1887 - 1943}, year = {2022}, publisher = {מרכז זלמן שזר}, organization = {מרכז זלמן שזר}, address = {ירושלים}, abstract = {

Dead End: Dr. Izrael Milejkowski, 1887-1943. By\  Naomi Menuchin.\ 

ספר חדש בהוצאת מרכז זלמן שזר, מאת ד"ר נעמי מנוחין

{\textquoteright}זוהי הסימפוניה הבלתי גמורה, מלאת המשמעות, שנכתבה בידי רופאים יהודים ב-1942{\textquoteright}. במילים אלה פתח ד"ר ישראל מילייקובסקי, רופא, מנהיג ציבור ופובליציסט, את {\textquoteright}מחקר הרעב{\textquoteright} פורץ הדרך שניהל והוביל בגטו ורשה בימים האפלים שקדמו לפינוי הגטו.

ד"ר מילייקובסקי (1887{\textendash}1943) היה דמות מרכזית בוורשה שבין שתי מלחמות העולם. רשימותיו מציעות מבט מרתק על הסוגיות המרכזיות שהעסיקו את החברה היהודית והתנועה הציונית בפולין בתקופה זו, וחושפות נקודת מבט ייחודית על ארץ ישראל בשנות השלושים מבעד לעיניו של רופא יהודי־ציוני. פרק יוצא דופן רשם בתקופת השואה, בהיותו אחראי על המערך הרפואי בגטו ורשה, ובתוכו פקולטה לרפואה שפעלה בגטו באופן מחתרתי. מחקר הרעב בראשותו מנציח את חיי היהודים בגטו ואת פועלם של הרופאים היהודים בתוכו.

הספר מבקש להאיר את דמותו של ד"ר מילייקובסקי ולבחון דרכו את האינטליגנציה היהודית בוורשה, את מאפייני עולמו של האינטלקטואל היהודי בפולין בין שתי מלחמות העולם ובתקופת השואה, ואת מסירותם של הרופאים ואנשי מערך הבריאות בגטו ורשה.

}, author = {נעמי מנוחין} } @book {2923006, title = {כנסת ישראל ומלחמות הגויים // אהרון שמואל תמרת}, year = {2021}, publisher = {Blimah Books}, organization = {Blimah Books}, address = {Jerusalem}, abstract = {


אהרב אהרון שמואל תמרת (1931-1869) הוא אחד מההוגים המרתקים והנשכחים של המחשבה היהודית במאה העשרים. הביקורת החריפה שמתח הן על הציונות המדינית והן על הרבנות האורתודוקסית ממשיכים לסקרן קוראים רבים גם היום, למרות שכתביו כמעט ולא מצויים בידי הציבור. חייו הפרוזאים של תמרת, כרב של כפר קטן בגבולה המזרחי של פולין, היו רק רקע למסכת פובליציסטית ורעיונית רחבת היקף, שצללה לקרבי תופעות מודרניות כמו פונדמנטליזם דתי ומדינת הלאום, ומתחה עליהם ביקורת מפתיעה בדיוקה שממשיכה להיות רלוונטית גם בתחילת המאה העשרים ואחת. במחשבה בהירה כתער, בסרקזם מר ובלהט נבואי תקף תמרת את המניפולציות של הלאומיות המודרנית ועמד על האופן בו דובריה מסווים את שאיפתם לעוצמה פוליטית מאחורי מסך רטורי של ערכים נאצלים. לא תמיד החזיק הרב תמרת בהשקפה שלילית כל כך על הלאומיות המודרנית ובכללה על התנועה הציונית. בשלהי המאה התשע־עשרה הוא היה דווקא אחד מסנגוריה הנלהבים ביותר של הציונות, בה ראה תנועה של תחיה תרבותית ושחרור האינדיבידואל היהודי מהשמרנות הלופתת של הממסד הרבני. דעתו השתנתה משהבין כי התנועה החדשה שמה את הריבונות המדינית בראש מעייניה והוא החל לתקוף אותה בחריפות. מבחינתו היתה זו משיחיות של שקר, שלא לומר עבודת אלילים, אלילים שהאדם בודה מליבו בכדי להפקיד בידיהם את גורלו. הוא סלד מהאופי האלים בו שאפה הציונות לממש את שאיפותיה הטריטוריאליות, מרמיסת חייהם ועולמם של שאר תושבי ארץ ישראל ומהקרבת חיים יהודים ולא יהודים למען מטרה שאינה משרתת דבר מלבד כוח ושררה. לא היתה זו נאיביות פציפיסטית פשוטה, אלא השקפה רדיקלית המציבה את היחיד ועולמו כאבן בוחן לכל תנועה רעיונית או פוליטית. מנקודת מבט זו אין כל טעם בהקרבת חייו של אדם אחד למען מדינה או לאום, ורעיונות התובעים הקרבה מסוג זה אין להם זכות קיום. כל תנועה רעיונית או פוליטית נועדה לשרת את האדם הפשוט ותנועות שאינן מכוונות לשם כך אינן אלא הונאה של בעלי שררה, המבקשים להם מכשיר לצבירת כוח ולהנעת ציבורים שלמים למטרותיהם שלהם.
מלחמת העולם הראשונה היתה בעיני תמרת עדות חותכת לפוטנציאל ההרסני של הלאומיות ששטפה\ \ את אירופה. מיליוני צעירים הלכו להילחם בשם המולדת ובשם השמירה על כבוד האומה ואיבדו את\ חייהם במלחמה חסרת סיבה, שלא היתה אלא סכסוך בין קומץ שליטים ציניים. בכך הצטרף תמרת לשורת הוגים ואנשי רוח שהמלחמה האכזרית הביאה אותם לחשוב מחדש על היסודות עליהם נבנתה\ הפוליטיקה המודרנית. חיבורו {\textquoteright}כנסת ישראל ומלחמות הגוים{\textquoteright} (1920) עומד בשורה אחת עם {\textquoteright}לאומיות{\textquoteright} (2018) של רבינדרת טאגור ו{\textquoteright}לביקורת הכוח{\textquoteright} (1921) של ולטר בנימין, כשביקורתו של תמרת מובעת בשפת המסורת היהודית, המשבחת את תכונותיה המוסריות והפוליטיות של אומה הנתונה בגלות.\ במובן זה מהווה {\textquoteright}כנסת ישראל ומלחמות הגוים{\textquoteright} חיבורו החשוב והיסודי ביותר של תמרת. חיבור בו\ חוברות יחד ביקורת הלאומיות וביקורת האלימות, הכרוכות לדעתו זו בזו לבלי הפרד. מאה שנה אחר הופעתו המקורית של הספר, נדמה שהדיון המובא בו על יחסיה של המסורת הדתית עם\ הלאומיות המודרנית רלוונטי יותר מתמיד. המהדורה החדשה מלווה במבוא המציג את הרקע הרעיוני\ וההיסטורי של הספר וממקם את דמותו הנשכחת של הרב תמרת במקום הראוי לה בהיסטוריה של\ המחשבה היהודית במאה העשרים.


חיים רוטמן הוא עמית קרן פולברייט במחלקה למחשבת ישראל באוניברסיטת בר־אילן. אחרי שהשלים\ את לימודי הדוקטורט בבוסטון קולג{\textquoteright} הוא הקדיש את השנים האחרונות לחקר רעיונות אנרכיסטיים\ במחשבה היהודית במאות התשע־עשרה והעשרים העשרים. ספרו {\textquotedblleft}No King but God: Varieties of Jewish Religious Anarchism{\textquotedblright} \ עתיד לראות אור בקרוב בהוצאת מנצ{\textquoteright}סטר יוניברסיטי פרס. בימים\ אלה הוא עובד על כרך נוסף של מאמרים בנושא וכן על הוצאת לקט כתבים של נתן חופשי.

\ צחי סלייטר הוא עמית פוסט דוקטורט במרכז הרמב"ם ללימודים מתקדמים באוניברסיטת המבורג.\ בשנה החולפת השלים את לימודי הדוקטורט באוניברסיטת בן־גוריון בנגב ומחקריו עוסקים במחשבה\ יהודית־דתית במזרח־אירופה ובמפגש שלה עם מגוון רעיונות פוליטיים פילוסופיים ומדעיים. בימים\ אלה הוא עובד על פרויקט העוסק במתודות ספקניות בפילוסופיה היהודית במזרח־אירופה וכן על\ הוצאת לקט כתבים של שמואל אלכסנדרוב.\ 

הוצאת ספרי בלימה נוסדה בשנת ה{\textquoteright}תשע"ט בירושלים על ידי יוסי שווייג ואבי נועם סטילמן במטרה להעלות על מזבח הדפוס כתבים שנשכחו ולפרסם טקסטים חדשים ורדיקליים הכתובים בלשון גבוהה
ומשקפים את המסורת היהודית והעברית לדורותיה.

Aaron Shmuel Tamaret: The Congregation of Israel and the Wars of the Nations

Editors: Hayyim Rothman and Tsachi Slater

Rabbi Aaron Shmuel Tamaret (1869-1931) is a fascinating and largely forgotten twentieth-century Jewish thinker. Although the wider public is not familiar with his writings, his sharp critique not only of political Zionism but also of the ultra-orthodox rabbinate has earned him a devoted following. Tamaret{\textquoteright}s prosaic life as the rabbi of a small village on the Eastern border of Poland merely serves as background to an intellectual vision broad in scope that deeply penetrates modern phenomena like religious fundamentalism and the nation-state, subjecting them to profound criticism that remains relevant in the twenty-first century. With his razor-sharp mind, biting sarcasm, and prophetic fervor, Tamaret attacked the manipulations of modern nationalism and uncovered the manner in which its supporters hid their lust for political power behind a rhetorical veil of lofty values.

Rabbi Tamaret was not always opposed to modern nationalism, Zionism included. At the close of the nineteenth century, he was among the most enthusiastic rabbinic advocates of Zionism, seeing in it an opportunity for cultural renaissance and for the liberation of the Jewish individual from the confining conservatism of the rabbinic establishment. He changed his mind when he came to understand that the new movement put political sovereignty before all other concerns, at which point he initiated a bitter assault. He regarded it as a form of false messianism and idolatry; the nation, he maintained, is an idol that people fabricate in order to dispense with responsibility by entrusting their fate to another. He recoiled from the violent way that Zionists aspired to realize their territorial ambitions: by trampling on the lives, on the very world, of the other inhabitants of the land of Israel, sacrificing lives Jewish and non-Jewish for the sake of power and rule.

There was more here than naive pacifism. Tamaret upheld a radical worldview according to which the individual is the touchstone of any intellectual or political movement. From this standpoint, to sacrifice even a single human life for the sake of a state or a nation is unconscionable and ideologies that demand such sacrifices have no right to exist. Intellectual and political movements must serve human beings in the simplest sense; a movement that does not do so is a deception concocted by would-be masters who seek a means to accumulate power by setting the public in motion toward their own ends.

From Tamaret{\textquoteright}s perspective, the first World War testified to the destructive potential of the nationalism that then swept over Europe. Millions of youth took up arms in the name of a homeland, or to defend the honor of a nation, losing their lives in a conflict with no better cause than a tension between a handful of cynical rulers. In this way, Tamaret joined the many thinkers and intellectuals moved by the cruel war to reflect on the foundations of modern politics. In this sense, his work, The Congregation of Israel and the Wars of the Nations (1920) stands together with Rabindranath Tagore{\textquoteright}s {\textquotedblleft}Nationalism{\textquotedblright} (1918), and Walter Benjamin{\textquoteright}s {\textquotedblleft}Critique of Violence{\textquotedblright} (1921). Expressed in the language of Jewish ethics, Tamaret{\textquoteright}s critique praises the moral and political program of a diasporic people. The Congregation of Israel and the Wars of the Nations constitutes Tamaret{\textquoteright}s most important text, incorporating, as it does, his critiques of nationalism and of violence which, in his opinion, are utterly inseparable.

A century after the original appearance of the book, its treatment of the relations between religious tradition and modern nationalism is more relevant than ever before. The new edition is accompanied by an introduction that addresses the theoretical and historical background of the book while situating its forgotten author, Rabbi Tamaret, within the history of Jewish thought in the twentieth century.

Hayyim Rothman is a Fulbright postdoctoral fellow in the department of Jewish Thought at Bar Ilan University. Having completed his doctoral studies at Boston College, he has devoted the last several years to research on the place of anarchist ideas in the late nineteenth and early twentieth-century Jewish thought. His book, No Masters but God: Portraits of Anarcho-Judaism will soon appear in print through Manchester University Press. He is currently at work on a second volume of essays on this subject as well as on a collection of essays and letters by Natan Hofshi.

Isaac Slater is a postdoctoral junior fellow at the Maimonides Centre for Advanced Studies at the University of Hamburg. His research involves the impact of broader political, philosophical, and scientific ideas on Jewish religious thought in Eastern Europe. He is currently at work on completing a collection of writings entitled Shmuel Alexandrov: Essays and Letters.

Blimah Books is a small press dedicated to resurrecting forgotten texts and publishing contemporary literary experiments in English and Hebrew, with the aim of creating books that draw on the Jewish past and which speak critically and creatively to the present. Blima Books was founded in 2019 by Yossi Schweig and Avinoam Stillman and is based in Jerusalem and Berlin.

}, author = {Aaron Shmuel Tamaret and Tsachi Slater}, editor = {Hayyim Rothman} } @book {3122462, title = {Yiddish \– The Linguistic Leap: From a Common Dialect to a Cultural and Literary Language}, year = {2020}, publisher = {The Zalman Shazar Center for Jewish History}, organization = {The Zalman Shazar Center for Jewish History}, address = {Jerusalem}, abstract = {

Book or newspaper? Prose or poetry? Fiction or non-fiction? Fantasy or thriller? What did East European Jews read prior to the First World War? What were the fields and materials they could read in their vernacular that was a priori considered a {\textquotedblleft}Jargon{\textquotedblright} lacking any cultural value? Who were the readers of non-religious texts in Yiddish? Who were their publishers and how were these publications distributed? Where and when were these texts read? The current book provides answers to these questions and more. Its focus is Tsarist Russia between 1860 and 1914, a period characterized by significant economic, social, political and cultural changes, which influenced the Jewish community as well. Following a futile and never-ending debate regarding the legitimacy of Yiddish, a vibrant book and newspaper market developed in that language, in which almost every potential reader could find his or her preferred reading material, either by purchasing or by borrowing from various sources. During the period of time under discussion, Yiddish changed from having to defend its right to exist to demanding its full recognition as a cultural language. The large variety of publications in Yiddish at all levels and in all genres, the demand for them by readers and the adoption of Yiddishism as an ideology, attest to the real state of the language among the vast majority of the Jewish masses. This comprehensive work examines the reading habits of East-European Jews from various perspectives. It follows the multifaceted development of the secular reading in Yiddish in a community that underwent a process of shifting from a traditional to a modern society; that was widely influenced by events and processes in the surrounding societies and that reacted to them.

In Hebrew.\ 

}, author = {Nathan Cohen} } @book {3122461, title = {Making history Jewish: the dialectics of Jewish history in Eastern Europe and the Middle East. Studies in honor of professor Israel Bartal.}, year = {2020}, publisher = {Brill}, organization = {Brill}, address = {Leiden-Boston. }, abstract = {This collection explores the different ways that intellectuals, scholars and institutions have sought to make history Jewish. While practitioners of Jewish history often assume that {\textquotedblleft}the Jews{\textquotedblright} are a well-defined ethno-national unit with a distinct, continuous history, this volume questions many of the assumptions that underlie and ultimately help construct Jewish history. Starting with a number of articles on the Jews of eighteenth- and nineteenth-century Poland and Hungary, continuing with several studies of Jewish encounters with the advent of nationalism and antisemitism, and concluding with a set of essays on Jewish history and politics in twentieth-century eastern Europe, pre-state Palestine and North America, the volume discusses the different methodological, research and narrative strategies involved in transforming past events into part of the larger canon of Jewish history.}, editor = {Pawel Maciejko and Scott Ury} } @book {3051632, title = {From Ausgleich to the Holocaust: Ukrainian and Jewish Artists of Lemberg/Lw{\'o}w/Lviv}, year = {2019}, publisher = {Gr{\"u}nberg Verlag}, organization = {Gr{\"u}nberg Verlag}, address = {Weimer and Rostock}, abstract = {

This volume presents a collection of essays shedding light on the cultural life and artistic creativity of Ukrainian and Jewish communities in the city of Lviv (formerly called Lw{\'o}w and Lemberg). \ The authors focus on the period of political liberalization and national emancipation that arose following the so-called Ausgleich, establishment of the multinational Austro-Hungarian Empire in 1867, terminated by the homicide of Jews by the Nazis during the Holocaust, from 1941 to 1944. The chronological and geographical scope is extended in several essays, which discuss their subject in a broader historical context, following personal biographies and migrations, or discussing the legacy of the past in the present day.

}, editor = {Sergey R. Kravtsov, Ilia Rodov, Ma{\l}gorzata Stolarska-Fronia (ed).} } @book {2923006, title = {The Lubavitch Wars}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The Zalman Shazar Center for Jewish History}, organization = {The Zalman Shazar Center for Jewish History}, address = {Jerusalem}, abstract = {

The Lubavitch Wars: Chabad Hasidism in Tsarist Russia\ deals with the history and struggle of Chabad Hasidism, which became one of the most prominent and active Hasidic movements in the Russian Pale of Settlement and in Eretz Israel. The focus of the book is on the social outlook and political activity of the Chabad leadership in the face of the crises that plagued Russian Jewry in the nineteenth and beginning of the twentieth centuries. These are treated in a broad historical context and in connection with processes that characterized traditional Jewish society in Russia at that time.

The Lubavitch Wars\ deals with the period of the leadership of three\ admorim\ {\textendash} Rebbe Menachem Mendel (Tsemach Tsedek), Rebbe Shmuel, and Rebbe Shalom Dovber. The epoch began with the development of the social mechanisms and institutions of the Tsaddik{\textquoteright}s court and of the Hasidic community and ended with the collapse of the social and political frameworks of Russian Jewry amidst the turbulence of WWI.

מלחמות ליובאוויץ{\textquoteright}: חסידות חב"ד ברוסיה הצארית\ מוקדש לתולדותיה ולמאבקיה של חסידות חב"ד, שנודעה כאחד הזרמים החסידיים הבולטים והפעילים ביותר במרחב היהודי של תחום המושב ברוסיה ובארץ ישראל.

במרכז הספר ניצבות השקפותיה החברתיות ופעילותה הפוליטית של הנהגת חב"ד נוכח המשברים הקשים שפקדו את יהדות רוסיה במאה התשע עשרה ובראשית המאה העשרים. כל אלה נדונים בהקשר היסטורי רחב ובזיקה לתהליכים שאפיינו את החברה היהודית המסורתית ברוסיה באותה העת.

מלחמות ליובאוויץ{\textquoteright}\ עוסק בתקופת כהונתם של שלושה אדמו"רים {\textemdash} ר{\textquoteright} מנחם מנדל (הצמח צדק), ר{\textquoteright} שמואל ור{\textquoteright} שלום דב בער (רש"ב) {\textemdash} שראשיתה בפיתוח מנגנונים ומוסדות חברתיים של חצר הצדיק ושל הקהילות החסידיות, וסופה בקריסת המסגרות החברתיות והפוליטיות של יהודי רוסיה במערבולת של מלחמת העולם הראשונה.

ד"ר איליה לוריא הוא חוקר של יהדות רוסיה ומרצה בבית הספר לתלמידי חו"ל באוניברסיטה העברית בירושלים. ספרו הקודם {\textquoteright}עדה ומדינה: חסידות חב"ד באימפריה הרוסית תקפ"ח-תרמ"ג{\textquoteright}, ראה אור בהוצאת מאגנס בשנת תשס"ו.

}, author = {Ilia Lurie} } @book {3122463, title = {Ritual Murder in Russia, Eastern Europe, and Beyond: New Histories of an Old Accusation}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Indiana University Press}, organization = {Indiana University Press}, address = {Bloomington}, abstract = {This innovative reassessment of ritual murder accusations brings together scholars working in history, folklore, ethnography, and literature. Favoring dynamic explanations of the mechanisms, evolution, popular appeal, and responses to the blood libel, the essays rigorously engage with the larger social and cultural worlds that made these phenomena possible. In doing so, the book helps to explain why blood libel accusations continued to spread in Europe even after modernization seemingly made them obsolete. Drawing on untapped and unconventional historical sources, the collection explores a range of intriguing topics: popular belief and scientific knowledge; the connections between antisemitism, prejudice, and violence; the rule of law versus the power of rumors; the politics of memory; and humanitarian intervention on a global scale.}, editor = {Eugene M. Avrutin and Jonathan Dekel-Chen and Robert Weinberg} } @book {3063009, title = {From Revolution to War: Jewish Politics in Russia, 1907-1914}, year = {2016}, publisher = {The Zalman Shazar Center for Jewish History}, organization = {The Zalman Shazar Center for Jewish History}, address = {Jerusalem}, abstract = {

From Revolution to War: Jewish Politics in Russia, 1907{\textendash}1914,\ presents a general picture of Jewish political and public activities in the early twentieth century, between the end of the first Russian Revolution in 1907 and the beginning of the First World War in 1914. Although the revolution was aborted and the tsarist government regained control, several important features characterized the period of 1907{\textendash}1914. First, there was the very existence of the State Duma {\textendash} the elected lower house of the Parliament with legislative power; second, the establishment of voluntary associations was eased; third, preliminary censorship was abolished. Thus, public life was characterized by a degree of freedom such as had never existed in Russia before 1905 and would not exist until 1991 (with a short exception in 1917). The book discusses the history and policies of all Jewish parties existing in Russia in this period: the Jewish Labor Bund, the Socialist Zionist Workers{\textquoteright} Party (SS), the Jewish Socialist Workers{\textquoteright} Party (SERP), the Poalei Zion, the Zionists, the Territorialists, the Jewish People{\textquoteright}s Group, the Jewish Democratic Group, and the Folks-Partey. The discussion is centered on Jewish parliamentary politics as well as on the activities outside the parliament, with special emphasis on the issue of the Jewish community. Jewish politics are compared to the politics of other non-dominant groups in Russian imperial society: the feminist movement, the Belarusian national movement, and the Muslim movement. The author argues that Jewish civil society fully emerged in the Russian empire in the last decade of its existence. The structures of this modern civil society were distinct from the traditional East-European Jewish society as well as from the parallel Russian civil society. In principle, it allowed Russian Jews to solve the majority of issues of their everyday life within exclusively Jewish frameworks. The features of this civil society resembled the very idea of Jewish national exterritorial autonomy.

ממהפכה למלחמה: הפוליטיקה היהודית ברוסיה, 1907{\textendash}1914\ מתאר את הפעילות הפוליטית והציבורית היהודית ברוסיה בתחילת המאה העשרים, בין המהפכה הרוסית הראשונה של 1905{\textendash}1907 לפרוץ מלחמת העולם הראשונה ב-1914. בתקופה זו אִפשר המשטר הרוסי הקמת עמותות ונתן חופש יחסי לעיתונות. תנאי חירות כאלה לא היו ברוסיה בעבר ולא חזרו עד לקריסת ברית המועצות. מן הספר עולות דמותה ותכונותיה של החברה היהודית האזרחית שנוצרה ב{\textquoteright}רחוב היהודי{\textquoteright} באימפריה הרוסית בעשור האחרון לקיומה. כמו כן הספר דן בניסיון ליצור רפורמה בקהילות היהודיות ובחיפוש אחר פתרונות שיתנו מענה הן לציבור הדתי הן לציבור החילוני.

ממהפכה למלחמה\ דן במפלגות הפוליטיות היהודיות ברוסיה בשנים 1907{\textendash}1914: הבונד, הציונים-הסוציאליסטים (ס"ס), מפלגת הפועלים היהודית הסוציאליסטית (סאר"פ), פועלי ציון, הציונים, הטריטוריאליסטים, הקבוצה היהודית העממית, הקבוצה היהודית הדמוקרטית והפולקס-פרטיי. במרכז הדיון עומדת הפוליטיקה היהודית הפרלמנטרית והפעילות היהודית מחוץ לכותלי הפרלמנט, שיצרה זיקה בין המחנה הסוציאליסטי למחנה {\textquoteright}הבורגני{\textquoteright} סביב העיסוק בענייני הקהילות היהודיות. הספר משווה את הפוליטיקה היהודית לקבוצות אחרות בחברה הרוסית: התנועה הפמיניסטית, התנועה הלאומית הביילורוסית והפוליטיקה המוסלמית.\ 

}, author = {Vladimir Levin} } @book {3084374, title = {Philosopher\&$\#$39;s Prose. Compiled and annotated by Nelli Portnova. Аарон Штейнберг. Проза философа. Составитель, автор вступительной статьи и комментариев: Нелли}, year = {2014}, pages = {303}, publisher = {ImWarden-Verlag}, organization = {ImWarden-Verlag}, address = {Munich}, abstract = {

Философ и общественный деятель Аарон Захарович Штейнберг (1891{\textemdash}1975) известен своими воспоминаниями о культурной жизни русской интеллигенции послереволюционных лет\ ({\guillemotleft}Литературный архипелаг{\guillemotright}). Но одаренный художественным талантом столь же ярко, как и аналитическими способностями, Штейнберг рвался сочинять прозу и пьесы всю жизнь, считая, однако, писательство несовместимым со статусом философа-мыслителя. Ситуация изменилась в 60-е гг., когда настала пора подводить итоги. В настоящий сборник вошли сохранившиеся в личном архиве Штейнберга произведения разных лет, написанные по-русски, по-английски, на иврите и на идише. Литературные опыты А. Штейнберга: все его очерки-портреты о современниках, остающихся верными себе, воспоминания о прошлом, совершающемся как бы сейчас, выпавшие из дневников и ставшие рассказами фрагменты, {\textemdash} составляют не только органическую часть его философского наследия, но и выглядят оригинальным явлением в контексте европейского и русского экзистенциализма ХХ века.

}, author = {Aaron Steinberg} } @book {3105810, title = {The Torah Ark in Renaissance Poland: A Jewish Revival of Classical Antiquity}, year = {2013}, publisher = {Brill}, organization = {Brill}, address = {Leiden and Boston}, abstract = {The volume explores the stone carved shrines for the scrolls of the Mosaic Law from the mid-sixteenth to the mid-seventeenth century synagogues in the former Polish Kingdom. Created on the margin of mainstream art and at a crossroad of diverse cultures, artistic traditions, aesthetic attitudes and languages, these indoor architectural structures have hitherto not been the subject of a monographic study. Revisiting and integrating multiple sources, the author re-evaluates the relationship of the Jewish culture in Renaissance Poland with the medieval Jewish heritage, sepulchral art of the Polish court and nobles, and earlier adaptations of the Christian revival of classical antiquity by Italian Jews. The book uncovers the evolution of artistic patronage, aesthetics, expressions of identities, and emerging visions among a religious minority on the cusp of the modern age.}, author = {Ilya Rodov} } @book {3105794, title = {Jewish Letters at the Pushkin Library. Yossef Haim Brenner\&$\#$39;s Thought and its Connection to Russian Literature and Thought (in Hebrew)}, year = {2013}, publisher = {Bialik Institute}, organization = {Bialik Institute}, address = {Jerusalem}, abstract = {רפי צירקין-סדן.\ אותיות יהודיות בספרות פושקין: יצירתו של יוסף חיים ברנר וזיקתה לספרות ולמחשבה הרוסית. ירושלים: מוסד ביאליק, 2013}, author = {Rafi Tsirkin-Sadan} } @book {2936525, title = {Jewish Marriage and Divorce in Imperial Russia}, year = {2013}, note = {

{\textquotedblleft}נישואים וגירושים בחברה היהודית באימפריה הרוסית{\textquotedblright} בוחן את השפעתם של שינויים חברתיים ומוסדיים על נישואים וגירושים בקרב יהודים ברוסיה במאה התשע עשרה.

הספר דן בשאלות רבות: גיל הנישואים, מקומו של המעמד החברתי בבניית משפחה, המגדר, השפעת התיעוש והעיור, ההתבוללות והתחייה התרבותית היהודית, שיעור הגירושים ומניעיו, השפעת החברה והחקיקה על הרצון לפרק משפחה, ופתרונות חלופיים לגירושים, כמו התפייסות, פירוד, נטישה ואפילו ביגמיה.

החיבור גם מנתח את השפעת המודרנה על חוויותיהם השונות של גברים יהודים ושל נשים יהודיות בהקשר של נישואים ומשפחה: כיצד עוצבו הציפיות המגדריות, מה היו התפקידים ויחסי הכוחות במשפחה היהודית, ואיך השתנו התפקידים ויחסי הכוחות עקב התערבות הממשלה בענייני משפחה פרטיים.

מטרתו העיקרית של המחקר היא לניתוח השאלה {\textendash} כיצד "תפקדה" או "התפרקה" המשפחה היהודית. בפעם הראשונה אנו יכולים לשמוע את ה"קולות" הפרטיים של יהודים פשוטים מערי השדה, ובמיוחד קולותיהן של נשים שהתפוגגו בעבר.

}, publisher = {The Zalman Shazar Center for Jewish History}, organization = {The Zalman Shazar Center for Jewish History}, address = {Jerusalem}, abstract = {

ChaeRan Freeze explores the impact of various forces on marriage and divorce among Jews in 19th-century Russia. Challenging romantic views of the Jewish family in the shtetl, she shows that divorce rates among Russian Jews in the first half of the century were astronomical compared to the non-Jewish population. Even more surprising is her conclusion that these divorce rates tended to drop later in the century, in contrast to the rising pattern among populations undergoing modernization.

Freeze also studies the growing involvement of the Tsarist state. This occurred partly at the behest of Jewish women contesting patriarchy and parental power and partly because the government felt that Jewish families were in complete anarchy and in need of order and regulation. Extensive research in newly-declassified collections from twelve archives in Russia, Ukraine, and Lithuania enables Freeze to reconstruct Jewish patterns of marriage and divorce and to analyze the often conflicting interests of Jewish husbands and wives, rabbinic authorities, and the Russian state. Balancing archival resources with memoirs and printed sources in Hebrew, Yiddish, and Russian, she offers a tantalizing glimpse of the desires and travails of Jewish spouses, showing how individual life histories reflect the impact of modernization on Jewish matchmaking, gender relations, the "emancipation" of Jewish women, and the incursion of the Tsarist state into the lives of ordinary Jews.

Table of contents in PDF (Hebrew)

}, author = {ChaeRan Y. Freeze} } @book {2936525, title = {Beyond the Pale: The Jewish Encounter with Late Imperial Russia}, year = {2013}, note = {

מחוץ לתחום: המפגש היהודי עם האימפריה הרוסית המאוחרת\ דן ביהודי רוסיה הצארית במאה ה-19, שיצאו אל {\textquoteright}מחוץ לתחום{\textquoteright} {\textendash} גאוגרפית (מחוץ ל{\textquoteright}תחום המושב{\textquoteright}) ונפשית (מחוץ לתחומיה של החברה היהודית המסורתית) {\textendash} וניסו להשתלב בחברת הרוב הרוסית. תהליכים אלה, שנתקלו במגמות שלטוניות מנוגדות, של עידוד מכאן ובלימה מכאן, התעצמו אחרי רצח הצאר אלכסנדר השני במרס 1881. הספר משחזר את ההקשרים התרבותיים, החברתיים והמשפטיים שבמסגרתם פעלו יהודי רוסיה בעידן של תמורות קיצוניות ביחס ליהודים.

מחוץ לתחום דן בהיבטים שונים הקשורים למפגש היהודי-הרוסי ונחלק לארבעה חלקים. החלק הראשון, {\textquoteright}בעיית האמנציפציה תחת המשטר הישן{\textquoteright}, סוקר את המאמצים לקבלת זכויות שוות ליהודים והניסיונות להתאמת הדגמים האירופיים למציאות הרוסית. החלק השני, {\textquoteright}יהודי סנקט פטרבורג{\textquoteright}, משרטט את דיוקנה של שכבת היהודים בעלי זכויות היתר אשר חיו בבירת האימפריה. החלק השלישי, {\textquoteright}יהודים, רוסים והאוניברסיטה האימפריאלית{\textquoteright}, עוקב אחר עולמם של סטודנטים יהודים (נשים וגברים) שנרשמו למוסדות ההשכלה הגבוהה ברוסיה. החלק הרביעי, {\textquoteright}בבית הדין של הגויים{\textquoteright}, בוחן את הסיבות שמשכו יהודים רבים למקצוע עריכת הדין ולבתי המשפט.

"ספר מרתק... המחייב את הקורא הפשוט וגם את ההיסטוריון המקצועי לצייר מחדש את מפת הכוחות שפעלו בתולדות יהדות רוסיה, ולהעריך מחדש את תרומתם ליהדות וליהודים... אי אפשר להגזים בחשיבותו של ספר זה למי שמתעניין בתולדות יהודי רוסיה ובהיסטוריה היהודית המודרנית" (חמוטל בר-יוסף).
"תרומה חשובה ביותר להבנת התהליכים שעברו על יהדות רוסיה בשלהי המאה התשע עשרה. החיבור מתמקד דווקא במי שחיו {\textquoteright}מחוץ לתחום{\textquoteright}, ולא בתחום המושב, שכן השפעתם הייתה רבה ביותר. הוא אף בוחן את מערכת הקשרים בין אצולת הממון לבין חוגים שונים באליטות הפוליטיות, הכלכליות והאינטלקטואליות בחברה הרוסית, ובמיוחד במוקדי הכוח והשלטון" (מרדכי זלקין).

בנימין נתנס הוא פרופסור להיסטוריה באוניברסיטת פנסילבניה. חוקר של האימפריה הרוסית וברית המועצות ושל תולדות עם ישראל בעת החדשה. ספרו מחוץ לתחום במהדורתו האנגלית (2002) זכה בפרסים רבים.

}, publisher = {The Zalman Shazar Center for Jewish History}, organization = {The Zalman Shazar Center for Jewish History}, address = {Jerusalem}, abstract = {

A surprising number of Jews lived, literally and figuratively, "beyond the Pale" of Jewish Settlement in tsarist Russia during the half-century before the Revolution of 1917. Thanks to the availability of long-closed Russian archives, along with a wide range of other sources, Benjamin Nathans reinterprets the history of the Russian-Jewish encounter.
In the wake of Russia{\textquoteright}s "Great Reforms," Nathans writes, a policy of selective integration stimulated social and geographic mobility among the empire{\textquoteright}s Jews. The reaction that culminated, toward the turn of the century, in ethnic restrictions on admission to universities, the professions, and other institutions of civil society reflected broad anxieties that Russians were being placed at a disadvantage in their own empire. Nathans{\textquoteright}s conclusions about the effects of selective integration and the Russian-Jewish encounter during this formative period will be of great interest to all students of modern Jewish and modern Russian history.

}, author = {Benjamin Nathans} } @article {3105809, title = {Jews and Their Neighbours in Eastern Europe since 1750}, journal = {Polin: Studies in Polish Jewry}, volume = {24}, year = {2012}, author = {Israel Bartal and Antony Polonsky and Scott Ury} } @book {3105808, title = {Barricades and Banners:The Revolution of 1905 and the Transformation of Warsaw Jewry.}, year = {2012}, publisher = {Stanford University Press}, organization = {Stanford University Press}, abstract = {This book examines the intersection of urban society and modern politics among Jews in turn of the century Warsaw, Europe{\textquoteright}s largest Jewish center at the time. By focusing on the tumultuous events surrounding the Revolution of 1905,\ Barricades and Banners\ argues that the metropolitanization of Jewish life led to a need for new forms of community and belonging, and that the ensuing search for collective and individual order gave birth to the new institutions, organizations, and practices that would define modern Jewish society and politics for the remainder of the twentieth century.}, author = {Scott Ury} } @article {3105797, title = {Normalizing Soviet Cybernetics.}, journal = {Information \& Culture: A Journal of History}, volume = {47}, year = {2012}, pages = {145-175}, abstract = {Full text in PDF}, author = {Benjamin Peters} } @article {3105795, title = {Tolstoy, Zionism and the Hebrew Culture}, journal = {Tolstoy Studies Journal}, volume = {XXIV }, year = {2012}, abstract = {Rafi Tsirkin-Sadan has received his PhD from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem in 2010. His research interests include Hebrew literature, Russian literature and intellectual history, literature and migration, literature and history. Rafi is the author of two books\ Y.H. Brenner and Russian Literature\ (Bialik Institute), and\ Nihilism in Russian Literature\ (Van Leer/Hakibutz Hameuhad), both of which will be published in 2013}, author = {Rafi Tsirkin-Sadan} } @book {3066336, title = {The Jewish Movement in the Soviet Union}, year = {2012}, publisher = {the Woodrow Wilson Center Press, Washington, D.C. \& The Johns Hopkins University Press }, organization = {the Woodrow Wilson Center Press, Washington, D.C. \& The Johns Hopkins University Press }, address = {Baltimore}, abstract = {

Table of contents in PDF

This volume is a product of the conference {\textquotedblleft}The Jewish National Movement in the USSR: Awakening and Struggle, 1967-1989{\textquotedblright} organized in 2007 by the Leonid Nevzlin Center for Russian and East European Jewry, the Avraham Harriman Institute for Contemporary Jewry at the Hebrew University, and the Beth Hatefutsoth Museum, Tel Aviv. The\ Nevzlin Center\ helped to support\ publication of this volume.


Yaacov Ro{\textquoteright}i and his collaborators provide the first scholarly survey of one of the most successful Soviet dissident movements, one which ultimately affected and reflected the demise of a superpower{\textquoteright}s stature.

The Jewish Movement saw hundreds of thousands of Soviet Jews leave their native country for Israel. This book grapples with the movement{\textquoteright}s origins, its Soviet and international contexts, and its considerable achievements{\textemdash}prior to the mass Jewish emigration of Gorbachev{\textquoteright}s last years, about one quarter of a million Jews left the Soviet Union. The contributors, a mix of senior and junior scholars, as well as movement participants, examine the influences of a wide range of contemporary events, including the victory of Israel in the 1967 war, the Soviet dissident and human rights movements, and the general malaise of Soviet society, its self-contradictory attitude toward nationalism, and its underlying anti-Semitism.
The book is based on a combination of secondary research, archival work, and interviews. The epilogue by former secretary of state George P. Shultz discusses support for the Jewish Movement under the Ronald Reagan administration, reactions and views by the United States as Gorbachev came to power, and U.S. satisfaction of his denouement.

"The book makes an important contribution to scholarship on modern Jewish and Soviet history, on the history of social movements, and on the history of transnationalism, pushing the study of the Soviet Jewish national movement into broader, more comparative terrain without losing the centrality and specificity of the Jewish experience."{\textemdash}Benjamin Nathans, University of Pennsylvania


Yaacov Ro{\textquoteright}i\ is professor emeritus of history at Tel Aviv University. He is author of\ The Struggle for Soviet Jewish Emigration, 1948{\textendash}1967\ (1991); and editor of\ Jews and Jewish Life in Russia and the Soviet Union\ (1995). He is coeditor, with Avi Beker, of\ Jewish Culture and Identity in the Soviet Union\ (1991); with Noah Lewin- Epstein and Paul Ritterband, of\ Russian Jews on Three Continents: Migration and Resettlement\ (1997); and, with Zvi Gitelman, of\ Revolution, Repression and Revival: The Soviet Jewish Experience\ (2007).

}, url = {https://www.wilsoncenter.org/book/the-jewish-movement-the-soviet-union}, editor = {Yaacov Ro{\textquoteright}i} } @book {3105807, title = {The Waning of the Emancipation, Jewish History, Memory, and the Rise of Fascism in Germany, France, and Hungary. }, year = {2011}, publisher = {Wayne State UP}, organization = {Wayne State UP}, address = {Detroit}, abstract = {

(Hebrew Version published in: Zalman Shazar Center, Jerusalem, 2011).

English version\ (link to publication)

}, author = {Guy Miron} } @book {3105796, title = {VILNE \– Die Juden aus Vilnius nach dem Holocaust. Eine Transnationale Beziehungsgeschichte. }, year = {2010}, publisher = {Paderborn}, organization = {Paderborn}, address = {Sch{\"o}ningh}, author = {Anna Liphardt} } @book {2923006, title = {Anti-Jewish Violence: Rethinking the Pogrom in East European History}, year = {2010}, publisher = {Indiana University Press }, organization = {Indiana University Press }, address = {Bloomington}, abstract = {

Although overshadowed in historical memory by the Holocaust, the anti-Jewish pogroms of the late 19th and early 20th centuries were at the time unrivaled episodes of ethnic violence. Incorporating newly available primary sources, this collection of groundbreaking essays by researchers from Europe, the United States, and Israel investigates the phenomenon of anti-Jewish violence, the local and transnational responses to pogroms, and instances where violence was averted. Focusing on the period from the First World War until the first decades of Soviet Russia, the studies include Poland, Ukraine, Belorussia, Lithuania, Crimea, and Siberia.

Contributors: Vladimir P. Buldakov, Jonathan Dekel-Chen, David Engel, Claire Le Foll, Peter Holquist, Lilia Kalmina, Vladimir Levin, Eric Lohr Natan ,M. Meir, Vladas Sirutaviius, Darius Stalinas.

Preface: A Tribute to John D. Klier
Acknowledgments
List of Abbreviations

Introduction / David Gaunt, Jonathan Dekel-Chen, Natan M. Meir, and Israel Bartal
1. What{\textquoteright}s in a Pogrom? European Jews in the Age of Violence / David Engel

Part 1. Twentieth-Century Pogroms
2. 1915 and the War Pogrom Paradigm in the Russian Empire / Eric Lohr
3. The Role of Personality in the First (1914{\textendash}1915) Russian Occupation of Galicia and Bukovina / Peter Holquist
4. Freedom, Shortages, Violence: The Origins of the "Revolutionary Anti-Jewish Pogrom " in Russia, 1917{\textendash}1918 / Vladimir P. Buldakov

Part 2. Responses to Pogroms
5. Preventing Pogroms: Patterns in Jewish Politics in Early Twentieth-Century Russia / Vladimir Levin
6. "The Sword Hanging over Their Heads": The Significance of Pogrom for Russian Jewish Everyday Life and Self-Understanding (The Case of Kiev) / Natan M. Meir

Part 3. Regional Perspectives
7. The Possibility of the Impossible: Pogroms in Eastern Siberia / Lilia Kalmina
8. Was Lithuania a Pogrom-Free Zone? (1881{\textendash}1940) / Vladas Sirutavichius and Darius Staliunas
9. The Missing Pogroms of Belorussia, 1881{\textendash}1882: Conditions and Motives of an Absence of Violence / Claire Le Foll
10. Ethnic Conflict and Modernization in the Interwar Period: The Case of Soviet Belorussia / Arkadi Zeltser
11. Defusing the Ethnic Bomb: Resolving Local Conflict through Philanthropy in the Interwar USSR / Jonathan Dekel-Chen

Glossary
List of Contributors
Index

}, url = {https://iupress.org/9780253355201/anti-jewish-violence/}, editor = {Jonathan Dekel-Chen and David Gaunt and Natan M. Meir and Israel Bartal} } @mastersthesis {3105800, title = {The Lithuanian Yeshivot in Eastern Europe Between the Two World Wars}, year = {2009}, type = {PhD thesis}, abstract = {The book based on this PhD thesis titled "The Golden Age of the Lithuanian Yeshivas" is published in 2022 by\ Indiana University Press.\ }, author = {Ben-Tsiyon Klibansky} } @book {3066831, title = {The Revolution of 1905 and Russia\&$\#$39;s Jews}, year = {2008}, publisher = { University of Pennsylvania Press}, organization = { University of Pennsylvania Press}, address = {Philadelphia}, abstract = {

he 1905 Revolution in Russia ushered in an unprecedented (though brief) period of social and political freedom in the Russian Empire. This environment made possible the emergence of mass Jewish politics and the flourishing of a new, modern Jewish culture expressed in Yiddish, Hebrew, and Russian. Unfortunately, 1905 also unleashed popular anti-Semitism in the shape of pogroms on a scale previously unknown.
Russian Jewry, by far the largest Jewish community in the world at that time, faced fateful decisions. Should the Jews strive to uphold Jewish national uniqueness either in the context of the Russian Empire or by emigrating to Palestine/the Land of Israel, or should they identify with and merge into the general revolutionary or liberal movements in their country of birth? What direction should Jewish culture and social organizations take within the context of democratization and modernization? In what language or languages should this culture be expressed? How should Jews abroad react to the revolutionary crisis and to the dilemmas of their coreligionists?
The thought-provoking essays in this volume shed new light on these issues while placing them in the larger context of the historical, social, and cultural developments within the Russian Empire. The authors, representing various disciplines, emphasize both the highly varied Jewish responses to the great crisis and the degree to which these responses shared certain vital characteristics.

Stefani Hoffman and Ezra Mendelsohn (editors)\ 

Preface: Benjamin Nathans

Contributors: Abraham Ascher, Dmitrii Elyashevich, Semion Goldin, Agnieszka Friedrich, Hannan Hever, Brian Horowitz, Rebecca Kobrin, Mikhail Krutikov, Eli Lederhendler, Vladimir Levin, Kenneth Moss, Barry Trachtenberg, Scott Ury, Jeffrey Veidlinger, Robert Weinberg, Theodore R. Weeks, Richard Wortman.

}, url = {https://www.upenn.edu/pennpress/book/14447.html}, editor = {Stefani Hoffman and Ezra Mendelsohn} } @book {3066830, title = {A Vanished World: Memories of a Way of Life}, year = {2008}, publisher = {Gesharim -Mosty Kultury}, organization = {Gesharim -Mosty Kultury}, address = {Moscow-Jerusalem}, abstract = {

A Russian translation of the memoir of the eminent Israeli historian and social activist Ben-Zion Dinur, first published in Hebrew in 1958, cover the period of the early 1880s to the early 1910s.
Based on personal accounts of the time, the author reconstructs a detailed picture of Jewish communal, cultural and political life in the Russian Empire and Germany. The unique historical material presented in the memoirs of Dinur gives to the Russian reader a fresh look at the life of various strata of Russian society at the turn of the twentieth century.

}, author = {Ben-Zion Dinur} } @article {3122466, title = {Jewish Agrarianization}, journal = {Jewish History}, volume = {21}, year = {2007}, abstract = {

This issue of Jewish History is dedicated to organized modern Jewish agricultural settlement. The nine essays published here originated in much earlier versions read at the international conference, "To the Land!: 200 Years of Jewish Agricultural Settlement," held in June 2005, at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem and the Jewish Diaspora. Museum (Beth Hatefutsoth). The five organizing partners were: the Leonid Nevzlin Research Center for Russian and East European Jewry and the Avraham Harman Institute of Contemporary Jewry, both of the Hebrew University, the Yad Tebenkin Research and Documenta- tion Center of the Kibbutz 1v1ovement, the Jewish Diaspora. ivfuseum, and the Chair for the Study of the History of the Jewish National Fund at Bar-Ilan University. The Nevzlin Center at the Hebrew University supported the preparation of these materials for press.

The goal of the conference, and now, even more, of the fully elaborated essays presented here, is to reopen academic discussion on the global dimensions of Jewish agricultural settlement.}, editor = {Israel Bartal and Jonathan Dekel-Chen} } @book {3122464, title = {Revolution, Repression, and Revival: The Soviet Jewish Experience}, year = {2007}, publisher = {Rowman \& Littlefield Publishers}, organization = {Rowman \& Littlefield Publishers}, abstract = {In less than a century, Jews in Russia have survived two world wars, revolution, political and economic turmoil, and persecution by both Nazis and Soviets. Yet they have managed not only to survive, but also transform themselves and emerge as a highly creative, educated entity that has transplanted itself into other countries. Revolution, Repression and Revival: The Soviet Jewish Experience enhances our understanding of the Russian Jewish past by bringing together some of the latest thinking by the leading scholars from the former Soviet Union, Israel and the United States. The book explains the contradictions, ambiguities and anomalies of the Russian Jewish story and helps us understand one of the most complex and unsettled chapters in modern Jewish history. The Soviet Jewish story has had many fits and starts as it transfers from one chapter of Soviet history to another and eventually, from one country to another. Some believe that the chapter of Russian Jewry is coming to a close. Whatever the future of Russian Jewry may be, it has a rich, turbulent past. Revolution, Repression and Revival sheds new light on the past, illustrating the complexities of the present, and gives needed insights into the likely future.}, editor = {Zvi Gitelman and Yaacov R{\textquoteright}oi} } @book {3122468, title = {Catalogue of the Archival Collection of the Israeli Association of Former Prisoners of Zion in the USSR: 1971-2004}, year = {2005}, pages = {116}, publisher = {The Central Zionist Archive}, organization = {The Central Zionist Archive}, address = { Jerusalem}, abstract = {

This published catalogue is the finding aid for the archive of the Israeli Association of Former Prisoners of Zion in the USSR, spanning its activities from 1971-2004. This collection is housed at the Central Zionist Archive (CZA). The Nevzlin Center proudly funded the receipt and organization of this large collection (constituting 25 linear meters) at the CZA in 2004, as well as the publication of this catalogue in 2005, with the opening of the collection to researchers.

The collection includes more than 700 personal files of former Prisoners of Zion in the Soviet Union, institutional and personal correspondence, organizational memoranda, minutes of meetings, posters, newsletters, various publications connected to the subject, newspaper clippings, and memorabilia from the Soviet Jewry movement in Israel. The collection reflects the full activities of the Association in its efforts to free Soviet "refuseniks" and to facilitate their absorption in Israel. A small part of the collection also deals with Prisoners of Zion from Ethiopia and Arab countries.

} } @book {3122469, title = {The Book of Life: Memories and Reflections}, year = {2004}, pages = {800}, publisher = {Gesharim}, organization = {Gesharim}, address = {Jerusalem}, abstract = {

Language:\ Russian

Memoirs of the prominent historian, publicist and public figure Semion Markovich Dubnov (1860-1941) constitute an encyclopedia of Jewish life in Russia.

Simon Dubnov constructed his memoirs from the diaries that he kept throughout his life; these reflect the rich panorama of events from the second half of nineteenth century into the early decades of the twentieth century. Dubnow was an active participant, and a witness, to the crucial events of the era, such as the decline of the Jewish enlightenment in Eastern Europe, the emergence and development of Zionism and other political movements, the 1905 and 1917 revolutions and the Russian Civil War. Dubnov lived and worked in centers of Jewish life like Odessa, Vilna and St. Petersburg during years of dramatic changes in the life of the Jewish people. He included in this memoir vivid portrayals of his friends and colleagues, among them writers like Sholem Aleichem, Bialik, Frug, Leskov, Volyn, as well as public figures like Vinaver, Gruzenberg, Landau, Sliozberg and many others.

The first two parts of the memoir deal with scientific, social and political life of Russia and Russian Jewry. The third part provides insight into the life of ​​Russian-Jewish immigrants in Europe, where Dubnov resided from 1922-1933. This new edition of Dubnov{\textquoteright}s memoir not only contains a new preface, but significantly supplemented and revised biographical and bibliographical commentaries.

}, author = {Simon Dubnov} } @article {3156659, title = {SYMPOSIUM}, journal = {JEWS AND JEWISH TOPICS IN SOVIET AND EAST EUROPEAN PUBLICATIONS}, volume = {Summer}, year = {1987}, url = {The Hebrew University of Jerusalem} } @article {3156657, title = {FROM SCIENTIFIC ACTIVITY - DISCUSSION}, journal = {JEWS AND JEWISH TOPICS IN SOVIET AND EAST EUROPEAN PUBLICATIONS}, volume = {Summer}, year = {1987}, pages = {65-72}, url = {The Hebrew University of Jerusalem} } @article {3156656, title = {JURIDICAL COMMENTARY: NEW DECISIONS CONCERNING DEPARTURE FROM THE USSR}, journal = {JEWS AND JEWISH TOPICS IN SOVIET AND EAST EUROPEAN PUBLICATIONS}, volume = {Summer}, year = {1987}, pages = {60-64}, url = {The Hebrew University of Jerusalem}, author = {Ya. Eisenstat} } @article {3156655, title = {FROM 19th-20th THE RUSSIAN REVOLUTION AND THE JEWS (M. GORKY\&$\#$39;S PREVIOUSLY UNKNOW INTERVIEW)}, journal = {JEWS AND JEWISH TOPICS IN SOVIET AND EAST EUROPEAN PUBLICATIONS}, volume = {Summer}, year = {1987}, pages = {58-59}, author = {M. Agursky} } @article {3156654, title = {THE SITUATION IN LENINGRAD}, journal = {JEWS AND JEWISH TOPICS IN SOVIET AND EAST EUROPEAN PUBLICATIONS}, volume = {Summer}, year = {1987}, pages = {58-59}, author = {M. Beizer} } @article {3156653, title = {A MEETING OF THE HISTORICAL-LITERARY ASSOCIATION \"PAMYAT\"}, journal = {JEWS AND JEWISH TOPICS IN SOVIET AND EAST EUROPEAN PUBLICATIONS}, volume = {Summer}, year = {1987}, pages = {51-54} } @article {3156652, title = {PREPARED FOR PUBLICATION - REACTIONS TO THE NOVELS OF V.ASTAIEF AND V.BELOV}, journal = {JEWS AND JEWISH TOPICS IN SOVIET AND EAST EUROPEAN PUBLICATIONS}, volume = {Summer}, year = {1987}, pages = {32-50}, author = {L. Dymerskaya Tsigelman} } @article {3156651, title = {E. KORSHUNOV. \"AMAL\"}, journal = {JEWS AND JEWISH TOPICS IN SOVIET AND EAST EUROPEAN PUBLICATIONS}, volume = {Summer}, year = {1987}, pages = {29-31}, author = {V. Dogmarova} } @article {3156650, title = {A. VOZNESENSKY. \"THE TRENCH\"; INTERVIEW IN MAARIV; E.POLYANOVSKY \"THE FIELD OF MEMORY\"}, journal = {JEWS AND JEWISH TOPICS IN SOVIET AND EAST EUROPEAN PUBLICATIONS}, volume = {Summer}, year = {1987}, pages = {26-29}, author = {M. Heifets} } @article {3156649, title = {I. SHAMYAKIN. \"PETROGRAD-BREST\"}, journal = {JEWS AND JEWISH TOPICS IN SOVIET AND EAST EUROPEAN PUBLICATIONS}, volume = {Summer}, year = {1987}, pages = {20-26}, author = {M. Kipnis} } @article {3156648, title = {PARTY CRITICISM OF THE RACIST INTERPRETATION OF ZIONISM: WHAT IT REFUTES, WHAT IT MANTAINS AND WHAT IT FALLS TO MENTION}, journal = {JEWS AND JEWISH TOPICS IN SOVIET AND EAST EUROPEAN PUBLICATIONS}, volume = {Summer}, year = {1987}, pages = {3-19}, author = {L. Dymerskaya Tsigelman} } @article {3156647, title = {EDITORIAL BOARD AND CONTENTS}, journal = {JEWS AND JEWISH TOPICS IN SOVIET AND EAST EUROPEAN PUBLICATIONS}, volume = {Summer}, year = {1987} } @article {3156646, title = {A LECTURE IN MOSCOW}, journal = {JEWS AND JEWISH TOPICS IN SOVIET AND EAST EUROPEAN PUBLICATIONS}, volume = {Winter}, year = {1986}, pages = {46-53} } @article {3156645, title = {THE GRANTING OF ISRAELI CITIZENSHIP TO SOVIET JEWS}, journal = {JEWS AND JEWISH TOPICS IN SOVIET AND EAST EUROPEAN PUBLICATIONS}, volume = {Winter}, year = {1986}, pages = {42-45}, author = {Y. Eisenstat} } @article {3156644, title = {NO COMMENT. FROM THE SOVIET NEWSPAPERS}, journal = {JEWS AND JEWISH TOPICS IN SOVIET AND EAST EUROPEAN PUBLICATIONS}, volume = {Winter}, year = {1986}, pages = {41}, author = {S. Tartakovskaya} } @article {3156643, title = {\"MOTHER MARIA\" - A SOVIET FILM}, journal = {JEWS AND JEWISH TOPICS IN SOVIET AND EAST EUROPEAN PUBLICATIONS}, volume = {Winter}, year = {1986}, pages = {38-40}, author = {A. Klevan} } @article {3156642, title = {NEW SOVIET PUBLICATIONS ABOUT HEBREW MANUSCRIPTS IN COLLECTIONS OF THE INSTITUTE OF ORIENTAL STUDIES}, journal = {JEWS AND JEWISH TOPICS IN SOVIET AND EAST EUROPEAN PUBLICATIONS}, volume = {Winter}, year = {1986}, pages = {35-38}, author = {M. Kipnis} } @article {3156641, title = {\"SHOLOM ALEICHEM, THE WRITER AND THE MAN\"}, journal = {JEWS AND JEWISH TOPICS IN SOVIET AND EAST EUROPEAN PUBLICATIONS}, volume = {Winter}, year = {1986}, pages = {31-35}, author = {Y. Ycikas} } @article {3156640, title = {L MODZHORIAN \"WORLD ZIONISM IN SERVICE OF IMPERIALIST REACTION\"}, journal = {JEWS AND JEWISH TOPICS IN SOVIET AND EAST EUROPEAN PUBLICATIONS}, volume = {Winter}, year = {1986}, pages = {28-30}, author = {Y. Eisenstat} } @article {3156639, title = {SUPPLEMENT: ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY}, journal = {JEWS AND JEWISH TOPICS IN SOVIET AND EAST EUROPEAN PUBLICATIONS}, volume = {Winter}, year = {1986}, pages = {18-27}, author = {Z. Bar-Sela} } @article {3156637, title = {\"THE BOOK OF THE VLES\" THE SAGA OF THE FORGERY}, journal = {JEWS AND JEWISH TOPICS IN SOVIET AND EAST EUROPEAN PUBLICATIONS}, volume = {Winter}, year = {1986}, pages = {3-18}, author = {M. Kasanskaya} } @article {3156636, title = {EDITORIAL BOARD AND CONTENTS}, journal = {JEWS AND JEWISH TOPICS IN SOVIET AND EAST EUROPEAN PUBLICATIONS}, volume = {Winter}, year = {1986} } @article {3156634, title = {INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS AND SOVIET LAW CONCERNING DEPARTURE FROM THE USSR AND THEIR VIOLATION BY THE SOVIET AUTHORITIES}, journal = {JEWS AND JEWISH TOPICS IN SOVIET AND EAST EUROPEAN PUBLICATIONS}, volume = {June}, year = {1986}, pages = {59-64}, author = {Y. Eisenstat} } @article {3156633, title = {A LIST OF ANTI-JUDAIC AND ANTI-ZIONIST BOOKS PUBLISHED IN THE UKRANIAN SSR IN 1960-1984}, journal = {JEWS AND JEWISH TOPICS IN SOVIET AND EAST EUROPEAN PUBLICATIONS}, volume = {June}, year = {1986}, pages = {47-58}, author = {M. Kipnis and N. Bibichkova} } @article {3156632, title = {RECENT BOOKS ON ANCIENT HEBREW LITERATURE}, journal = {JEWS AND JEWISH TOPICS IN SOVIET AND EAST EUROPEAN PUBLICATIONS}, volume = {June}, year = {1986}, pages = {44-46}, author = {E.Weinerman} } @article {3156631, title = {THE FALSIFICATION OF DER NISTER\&$\#$39;S LITETARY LEGACY}, journal = {JEWS AND JEWISH TOPICS IN SOVIET AND EAST EUROPEAN PUBLICATIONS}, volume = {June}, year = {1986}, pages = {43-44}, author = {Kh. Shmeruk} } @article {3156629, title = {JEWISH THEATRE IN RUMANIA}, journal = {JEWS AND JEWISH TOPICS IN SOVIET AND EAST EUROPEAN PUBLICATIONS}, volume = {June}, year = {1986}, pages = {39-42}, author = {V. Dogmarova} } @article {3156628, title = {IDEOLOGICAL EFFLUVIA}, journal = {JEWS AND JEWISH TOPICS IN SOVIET AND EAST EUROPEAN PUBLICATIONS}, volume = {June}, year = {1986}, pages = {37-39}, author = {M. Shklovaskaya} } @article {3156627, title = {A SHORT HANDBOOK OF MODERN SOVIET ANTI-SEMITISM}, journal = {JEWS AND JEWISH TOPICS IN SOVIET AND EAST EUROPEAN PUBLICATIONS}, volume = {June}, year = {1986}, pages = {31-37}, author = {M. Heifets} } @article {3156626, title = {FOR THE JEWS ONLY}, journal = {JEWS AND JEWISH TOPICS IN SOVIET AND EAST EUROPEAN PUBLICATIONS}, volume = {June}, year = {1986}, pages = {28-31}, author = {M.Kaganskaya} } @article {3156625, title = {L. KORNEV AS A PHENOMENON OF SOVIET ANTISEMITISM IN THE 1970s 1980s}, journal = {JEWS AND JEWISH TOPICS IN SOVIET AND EAST EUROPEAN PUBLICATIONS}, volume = {June}, year = {1986}, pages = {8-27}, author = {L. Dymerskaya Tsigelman} } @article {3156624, title = {M.S. GORBACHEV ANSWERS L\&$\#$39;HUMANITE\&$\#$39;S QUESTIONS}, journal = {JEWS AND JEWISH TOPICS IN SOVIET AND EAST EUROPEAN PUBLICATIONS}, volume = {June}, year = {1986}, pages = {1-7}, author = {L. Dymerskaya Tsigelman} } @article {3156623, title = {CONTENT}, journal = {JEWS AND JEWISH TOPICS IN SOVIET AND EAST EUROPEAN PUBLICATIONS}, volume = {June}, year = {1986} } @article {3156622, title = {NEW LEGAL MEASURES IN THE STRUGGLE AGAINST PARTICIPANTS IN THE JEWISH AND OTHER NATIONAL MOVEMENTS AND DISSIDENTS IN THE USSR}, journal = {JEWS AND JEWISH TOPICS IN SOVIET AND EAST EUROPEAN PUBLICATIONS}, volume = {September}, year = {1985}, pages = {36-38}, author = {Y. Eisenstat} } @article {3156621, title = {\"DECREE OF THE PRESIDIUM OF THE SUPREME SOVIET OF THE USSR\"}, journal = {JEWS AND JEWISH TOPICS IN SOVIET AND EAST EUROPEAN PUBLICATIONS}, volume = {September}, year = {1985}, pages = {33-35}, author = {The kremlin} } @article {3156620, title = {ANNOTATIONS}, journal = {JEWS AND JEWISH TOPICS IN SOVIET AND EAST EUROPEAN PUBLICATIONS}, volume = {September}, year = {1985}, pages = {27-32}, author = {S. Dudakov} } @article {3156618, title = {TARASOV V, \"SIT ON A STONE BY THE ROADSIDE\"}, journal = {JEWS AND JEWISH TOPICS IN SOVIET AND EAST EUROPEAN PUBLICATIONS}, volume = {September}, year = {1985}, pages = {25-26}, author = {M. Kipnis} } @article {3156617, title = {PONOMAREV D. \"ISRAEL POLICY IN TROPICAL AFRICA, ZIONISM AND EXPANSIONISM 1958-1973}, journal = {JEWS AND JEWISH TOPICS IN SOVIET AND EAST EUROPEAN PUBLICATIONS}, volume = {September}, year = {1985}, pages = {23-24}, author = {E.Weinerman} } @article {3156616, title = {\"PATROTISM AND INTERNATIONALISM - CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF THE SOCIALIST WAY OF LIFE\"}, journal = {JEWS AND JEWISH TOPICS IN SOVIET AND EAST EUROPEAN PUBLICATIONS}, volume = {September}, year = {1985}, pages = {22-23}, author = {M. Kipnis} } @article {3156615, title = {RIMARENKO YU \"ANTICOMUNIST ALLIANCE\"}, journal = {JEWS AND JEWISH TOPICS IN SOVIET AND EAST EUROPEAN PUBLICATIONS}, volume = {September}, year = {1985}, pages = {18-21}, author = {M. Kipnis} } @article {3156614, title = {KOGAN A, TABACHNIKOV V \"POISONED WEAPON\"}, journal = {JEWS AND JEWISH TOPICS IN SOVIET AND EAST EUROPEAN PUBLICATIONS}, volume = {September}, year = {1985}, pages = {15-17}, author = {L. Tsigelman} } @article {3156613, title = {ANTISEMITISM OF THE \"ADHERENTS OF STATE NATIONALISM\"}, journal = {JEWS AND JEWISH TOPICS IN SOVIET AND EAST EUROPEAN PUBLICATIONS}, volume = {September}, year = {1985}, pages = {4-14}, author = {M. Heifets} } @article {3156612, title = {EDITORIAL FOREWORD}, journal = {JEWS AND JEWISH TOPICS IN SOVIET AND EAST EUROPEAN PUBLICATIONS}, volume = {September}, year = {1985}, pages = {1-3}, author = {Sh. Ettinger} } @article {3156610, title = {EDITORIAL BOARD AND CONTENTS}, journal = {JEWS AND JEWISH TOPICS IN SOVIET AND EAST EUROPEAN PUBLICATIONS}, volume = {September}, year = {1985} }